Table 2. Average annual percent change in output per hour, unit labor costs, and related data, 1987-2011
| Industry | NAICS code | Average annual percent change, 1987-2011 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Output per Hour | Output | Hours | Labor compensation | Unit labor costs | ||
Manufacturing |
||||||
Food |
311 |
1.0 | 1.2 | 0.2 | 2.9 | 1.7 |
Animal food |
3111 |
2.3 | 1.7 | -0.5 | 3.2 | 1.4 |
Grain and oilseed milling |
3112 |
1.7 | 1.0 | -0.7 | 2.1 | 1.2 |
Sugar and confectionery products |
3113 |
1.0 | -0.1 | -1.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 |
Fruit and vegetable preserving and specialty |
3114 |
1.0 | 0.9 | -0.1 | 2.7 | 1.8 |
Dairy products |
3115 |
1.6 | 1.0 | -0.6 | 3.2 | 2.1 |
Animal slaughtering and processing |
3116 |
1.0 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 3.4 | 1.3 |
Seafood product preparation and packaging |
3117 |
0.8 | -0.1 | -0.8 | 2.6 | 2.6 |
Bakeries and tortilla manufacturing |
3118 |
0.5 | 0.2 | -0.3 | 2.0 | 1.8 |
Other food products |
3119 |
0.7 | 2.0 | 1.3 | 4.0 | 2.0 |
Beverages and tobacco products |
312 |
0.6 | -0.3 | -0.9 | 1.3 | 1.6 |
Beverages |
3121 |
1.7 | 1.4 | -0.3 | 1.9 | 0.5 |
Tobacco and tobacco products |
3122 |
1.6 | -3.3 | -4.7 | -1.1 | 2.2 |
Textile mills |
313 |
3.4 | -2.7 | -5.8 | -3.1 | -0.5 |
Fiber, yarn, and thread mills |
3131 |
2.6 | -2.7 | -5.2 | -3.2 | -0.5 |
Fabric mills |
3132 |
4.4 | -2.6 | -6.6 | -3.2 | -0.7 |
Textile and fabric finishing and coating mills |
3133 |
1.8 | -3.2 | -4.9 | -2.9 | 0.3 |
Textile product mills |
314 |
1.0 | -1.9 | -2.9 | 0.1 | 2.1 |
Textile furnishings mills |
3141 |
0.6 | -2.7 | -3.2 | -0.7 | 2.0 |
Other textile product mills |
3149 |
2.1 | -0.6 | -2.6 | 1.2 | 1.7 |
Apparel |
315 |
-1.0 | -7.8 | -6.9 | -6.0 | 2.0 |
Apparel knitting mills |
3151 |
-0.3 | -7.6 | -7.3 | -6.5 | 1.2 |
Cut and sew apparel |
3152 |
-1.1 | -7.9 | -7.0 | -6.0 | 2.1 |
Accessories and other apparel |
3159 |
-1.4 | -6.8 | -5.5 | -4.6 | 2.4 |
Leather and allied products |
316 |
2.0 | -4.3 | -6.2 | -3.0 | 1.4 |
Leather and hide tanning and finishing |
3161 |
1.8 | -3.4 | -5.1 | -3.3 | 0.1 |
Footwear |
3162 |
2.3 | -5.6 | -7.7 | -4.0 | 1.7 |
Other leather products |
3169 |
0.5 | -3.8 | -4.2 | -1.5 | 2.4 |
Wood products |
321 |
1.3 | -0.9 | -2.2 | 1.1 | 2.0 |
Sawmills and wood preservation |
3211 |
2.1 | -0.3 | -2.4 | 0.6 | 0.9 |
Plywood and engineered wood products |
3212 |
1.0 | -1.2 | -2.2 | 0.5 | 1.6 |
Other wood products |
3219 |
1.0 | -1.0 | -2.0 | 1.5 | 2.5 |
Paper and paper products |
322 |
1.9 | -0.2 | -2.0 | 1.1 | 1.3 |
Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills |
3221 |
2.9 | -0.4 | -3.2 | 0.4 | 0.8 |
Converted paper products |
3222 |
1.4 | 0.0 | -1.4 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
Printing and related support activities |
323 |
1.4 | -0.7 | -2.1 | 0.5 | 1.2 |
Printing and related support activities |
3231 |
1.4 | -0.7 | -2.1 | 0.5 | 1.2 |
Petroleum and coal products |
324 |
2.7 | 1.2 | -1.4 | 3.7 | 2.5 |
Petroleum and coal products |
3241 |
2.7 | 1.2 | -1.4 | 3.7 | 2.5 |
Chemicals |
325 |
1.5 | 0.7 | -0.9 | 2.9 | 2.2 |
Basic chemicals |
3251 |
2.4 | 0.3 | -2.1 | 2.0 | 1.7 |
Resin, rubber, and artificial fibers |
3252 |
2.4 | 0.4 | -1.9 | 1.8 | 1.4 |
Agricultural chemicals |
3253 |
2.1 | 0.3 | -1.7 | 1.9 | 1.5 |
Pharmaceuticals and medicines |
3254 |
0.2 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 5.6 | 3.4 |
Paints, coatings, and adhesives |
3255 |
1.3 | -0.7 | -1.9 | 1.9 | 2.6 |
Soaps, cleaning compounds, and toiletries |
3256 |
2.5 | 1.8 | -0.7 | 2.4 | 0.6 |
Other chemical products and preparations |
3259 |
2.4 | 0.0 | -2.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 |
Plastics and rubber products |
326 |
1.9 | 1.2 | -0.8 | 2.3 | 1.1 |
Plastics products |
3261 |
1.8 | 1.3 | -0.4 | 2.7 | 1.3 |
Rubber products |
3262 |
2.4 | 0.4 | -1.9 | 1.1 | 0.7 |
Nonmetallic mineral products |
327 |
1.1 | -0.3 | -1.4 | 1.3 | 1.6 |
Clay products and refractories |
3271 |
0.8 | -1.8 | -2.6 | -0.6 | 1.2 |
Glass and glass products |
3272 |
2.4 | 0.1 | -2.2 | 0.7 | 0.6 |
Cement and concrete products |
3273 |
0.1 | -0.5 | -0.6 | 1.9 | 2.4 |
Lime and gypsum products |
3274 |
1.2 | -0.9 | -2.1 | 1.7 | 2.7 |
Other nonmetallic mineral products |
3279 |
1.7 | 0.8 | -0.9 | 2.1 | 1.3 |
Primary metals |
331 |
2.3 | 0.2 | -2.1 | 0.9 | 0.7 |
Iron and steel mills and ferroalloy production |
3311 |
4.3 | 1.8 | -2.3 | 0.6 | -1.2 |
Steel products from purchased steel |
3312 |
-0.7 | -1.1 | -0.5 | 1.5 | 2.7 |
Alumina and aluminum production |
3313 |
2.7 | 0.0 | -2.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
Other nonferrous metal production |
3314 |
1.1 | -1.2 | -2.2 | 2.1 | 3.3 |
Foundries |
3315 |
2.0 | -0.2 | -2.2 | 0.7 | 0.9 |
Fabricated metal products |
332 |
1.4 | 0.8 | -0.6 | 2.3 | 1.6 |
Forging and stamping |
3321 |
2.7 | 1.3 | -1.4 | 1.8 | 0.4 |
Cutlery and hand tools |
3322 |
2.2 | -0.6 | -2.7 | 0.5 | 1.1 |
Architectural and structural metals |
3323 |
0.6 | 0.5 | -0.1 | 2.8 | 2.3 |
Boilers, tanks, and shipping containers |
3324 |
0.7 | 0.0 | -0.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 |
Hardware |
3325 |
0.5 | -3.5 | -4.0 | -1.9 | 1.6 |
Spring and wire products |
3326 |
2.8 | 0.0 | -2.7 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
Machine shops and threaded products |
3327 |
2.0 | 2.7 | 0.7 | 3.9 | 1.1 |
Coating, engraving, and heat treating metals |
3328 |
2.8 | 2.7 | -0.2 | 3.0 | 0.3 |
Other fabricated metal products |
3329 |
1.4 | 0.3 | -1.1 | 1.7 | 1.4 |
Machinery |
333 |
2.5 | 1.5 | -1.0 | 1.9 | 0.4 |
Agriculture, construction, and mining machinery |
3331 |
2.8 | 3.2 | 0.4 | 3.0 | -0.2 |
Industrial machinery |
3332 |
2.6 | 1.3 | -1.3 | 1.9 | 0.6 |
Commercial and service industry machinery |
3333 |
1.6 | -0.5 | -2.0 | 0.6 | 1.1 |
HVAC and commercial refrigeration equipment |
3334 |
2.0 | 1.1 | -1.0 | 1.9 | 0.8 |
Metalworking machinery |
3335 |
2.2 | 0.4 | -1.8 | 1.1 | 0.7 |
Turbine and power transmission equipment |
3336 |
1.9 | 1.5 | -0.4 | 1.4 | -0.1 |
Other general purpose machinery |
3339 |
2.7 | 1.6 | -1.1 | 2.5 | 1.0 |
Computer and electronic products |
334 |
10.7 | 8.0 | -2.5 | 0.9 | -6.6 |
Computer and peripheral equipment |
3341 |
18.4 | 13.4 | -4.3 | -3.3 | -14.7 |
Communications equipment |
3342 |
5.3 | 2.3 | -2.8 | 0.6 | -1.6 |
Audio and video equipment |
3343 |
2.3 | -2.4 | -4.6 | -1.6 | 0.8 |
Semiconductors and electronic components |
3344 |
16.1 | 14.2 | -1.6 | 1.2 | -11.4 |
Electronic instruments |
3345 |
4.1 | 1.8 | -2.1 | 2.0 | 0.2 |
Magnetic media manufacturing and reproduction |
3346 |
1.3 | -0.8 | -2.1 | -1.8 | -1.0 |
Electrical equipment and appliances |
335 |
2.5 | -0.1 | -2.5 | 0.9 | 1.0 |
Electric lighting equipment |
3351 |
2.2 | -0.5 | -2.6 | 0.9 | 1.4 |
Household appliances |
3352 |
3.4 | -0.2 | -3.5 | -1.1 | -0.9 |
Electrical equipment |
3353 |
2.2 | -0.3 | -2.4 | 0.8 | 1.1 |
Other electrical equipment and components |
3359 |
2.2 | 0.0 | -2.1 | 1.7 | 1.6 |
Transportation equipment |
336 |
3.1 | 1.3 | -1.7 | 0.9 | -0.4 |
Motor vehicles |
3361 |
4.0 | 1.3 | -2.6 | 0.1 | -1.2 |
Motor vehicle bodies and trailers |
3362 |
1.0 | 0.5 | -0.5 | 2.8 | 2.3 |
Motor vehicle parts |
3363 |
3.3 | 1.9 | -1.3 | 0.2 | -1.6 |
Aerospace products and parts |
3364 |
1.8 | -0.3 | -2.1 | 1.0 | 1.3 |
Railroad rolling stock |
3365 |
5.2 | 4.1 | -1.0 | 3.5 | -0.6 |
Ship and boat building |
3366 |
2.3 | 0.6 | -1.7 | 2.4 | 1.9 |
Other transportation equipment |
3369 |
5.4 | 5.0 | -0.4 | 4.1 | -0.8 |
Furniture and related products |
337 |
1.5 | -0.7 | -2.2 | 0.8 | 1.5 |
Household and institutional furniture |
3371 |
1.3 | -1.3 | -2.5 | 0.4 | 1.7 |
Office furniture and fixtures |
3372 |
1.2 | -0.3 | -1.6 | 1.2 | 1.5 |
Other furniture-related products |
3379 |
2.4 | 1.2 | -1.2 | 1.8 | 0.6 |
Miscellaneous manufacturing |
339 |
2.9 | 2.4 | -0.5 | 3.8 | 1.4 |
Medical equipment and supplies |
3391 |
3.3 | 4.3 | 0.9 | 5.4 | 1.0 |
Other miscellaneous manufacturing |
3399 |
2.3 | 0.7 | -1.6 | 2.3 | 1.6 |